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Rape as a memetic assault

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adept42 adept42's picture
Rape as a memetic assault
So, I've volunteered for a rape crisis hotline for the past two years (www.barcc.org). I get some calls from people who were raped a long time ago as children, but sometimes it's much more recent and I'm the first person they've ever told. I was thinking about the transhuman mindset, and it seemed like it might be interesting to look about rape from that persepctive. Let's start with a question that's less obvious than it seems: why is rape bad? Why is it much worse than getting stabbed, beaten up, or suffering similar types of painful-but-temporary injury? There are several different ways to answer that question, but I think that most answers gravitate toward the argument that rape is worse because it inflicts extraordinary emotional damage that can last a lifetime. This naturally leads to the question of why that emotional damage occurs. You could imagine an AGI in a skin mask might be raped and feel nothing more than confusion and annoyance. This suggests the harm of rape is rooted in a human understanding of the meaning of the act. So when you start thinking about how humans know what something means, it's useful to view the problem in terms of memetics. For contrast, we can think of language as a memetic operating system, partially learned and partially inborn, that translates soundwaves in the air into ideas in our heads. For some reason, perhaps partially biological or partially cultural, humans almost always translate the experience of being raped into some very toxic memes like "I'm nothing," "I'm an object," "I'm their property," "I'm worthless," "I'm defiled," or "It's my fault this is happening." Some memes are definitely more common based on the rape survivor's gender identity; women are more likely to feel ugly, and men are more likely to feel weak. The trauma of the rape sears the memory into the survivor's mind and helps those toxic memes take root, but social conditioning also makes a substantial contribution. Compared to outright torture or other extreme acts, rape is very simple to perform and easy to hide; on any given day, it probably causes more damage to more people worldwide than any other type of memetic assault. So what do we do about it now, and what can we do in the future? Well a memetic perspective makes a hotline counselor like me a sort of antibody to help protect a caller's ego from the memes that are infecting them; I'm certainly no "cure," but a supportive person to talk with early on can help put the rape in a context where the survivor doesn't blame themself for what happened. Edjucating young people about rape is like an innoculation that can help them resist an exposure that hits later on. Our vulnerability to rape seems related to other hang-ups about gender, and that's just one more reason to get rid of those outdated ideas. It becomes even more interesting to speculate on how increased understanding of the mind works will change how we guard against memetic assaults and mitigate their aftereffects. I'm certainly leery about what will happen when we start hacking our brains, but how can you say "no" to something that might help a child rape survivor develop a healthy sense of self-worth? Less optimistically, it's very frightening to think about how much damage could be done with new avenues of memetic attack. For nothing more than a fleeting sense of power, a rapist will callously inflict damage that takes a lifetime to heal; just think of how much damage that someone like that could do with a mind-virus. Broadly speaking, this is why I'm pessimistic about the future: if we have the power to hurt each other, it's inevitable that someone will make a grab that power; and it's so much easier to play offense than it is to play defense.
Arenamontanus Arenamontanus's picture
Re: Rape as a memetic assault
Interesting and tough topic.
adept42 wrote:
You could imagine an AGI in a skin mask might be raped and feel nothing more than confusion and annoyance. This suggests the harm of rape is rooted in a human understanding of the meaning of the act.
This is a general problem for AGIs - at my institute we have spent almost a week analysing the ins and outs of making an AGI that could learn to make the right choice when confronted with "cake or death?" How do you ground it in the world so that the options mean anything, and how does it attach value to them? The badness of death and rape are complex things, despite the best efforts of philosophers. I am reminded by the scene in Greg Egan's "Schild's Ladder", where an AGI sleeved in a biomorph falls out of bed laughing when trying sex - ' "I think I'm getting all the signals you talked about," he mused. "But they're so crude, even now. And before, it was just a single message, repeating itself endlessly: 'Be happy, be happy, be happy!' Do you think there's something wrong with this body?" ' I have a suspicion that the character would indeed find rape mostly inconvenient, and likely react badly to the evil *intention* behind it (if it could discern one).
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For some reason, perhaps partially biological or partially cultural, humans almost always translate the experience of being raped into some very toxic memes like "I'm nothing," "I'm an object," "I'm their property," "I'm worthless," "I'm defiled," or "It's my fault this is happening."
Maybe I am a purist, but these seem to be more ideas than memes. But the border is not clear, of course. I think there is a great deal of truth to your idea. Since sex and violence do cause high arousal levels, they likely are effective at imprinting memories. This can not only help these ideas take root, it also associates them with central concepts of identity, sexuality and emotion. And people tend to have fairly well-defined reactions to certain stimuli - it is hard not to become angry at the person who hits you.
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So what do we do about it now, and what can we do in the future? Well a memetic perspective makes a hotline counselor like me a sort of antibody to help protect a caller's ego from the memes that are infecting them; I'm certainly no "cure," but a supportive person to talk with early on can help put the rape in a context where the survivor doesn't blame themself for what happened. Educating young people about rape is like an innoculation that can help them resist an exposure that hits later on. Our vulnerability to rape seems related to other hang-ups about gender, and that's just one more reason to get rid of those outdated ideas.
Yup. A surprising number of human ailments tend to improve when interacting with a supportive person. And knowing a bit about one's own psychology can be very helpful. Even some philosophical perspectives can work (e.g. "my self-worth is due to who *I* am, not what others do to me or think"). There is interesting research on reducing the emotional impact of traumatic memories using drugs like propranolol after the trauma, but besides the obvious practical questions (like, "will it work?") there are some tricky ethical issues on appropriate forgiveness and whether overcoming traumas is important for psychological resiliency. My own view is that we should go for whatever methods improve human well-being, and that requires a bit of experimentation.
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Less optimistically, it's very frightening to think about how much damage could be done with new avenues of memetic attack. For nothing more than a fleeting sense of power, a rapist will callously inflict damage that takes a lifetime to heal; just think of how much damage that someone like that could do with a mind-virus.
Generally, to cause damage you need to hit a vulnerable spot: the more general tools and tortures are not as horrific as the ones that can be tuned to the person. This is why psychosurgery torture is far worse than scorcher software. But since there are a few basic vulnerable spots in most human psyches, it is not too hard to inflict damage. But maybe one could also modify these vulnerable spots? That might actually make the changed person an emotional posthuman (or exhuman). A PC in one of my games was subjected to empathic torture and coped by developing "emotional invulnerability": nothing could affect his emotions, personality and mental state. Made him a very reliable hero, but also something frighteningly unchanging (not too different from Superman, actually). A more subtle solution might be to have a controllable sense of self, so that bad experiences can be wrapped in dissociation and discarded. Or a mind that can decouple values when necessary. I think people will come up with much more elegant solutions than these.
Extropian
Axel the Chimeric Axel the Chimeric's picture
Re: Rape as a memetic assault
I find myself far too detatched and incapable of imagining the emotions involved here to offer anything even remotely approaching insight on the subjective violating effect of crimes. What I can offer is suggestions on how memetic warfare might work. Fact of the matter is, we see its effects today. Environmentalism, for example, and political divisions. The United States is a shining example of this but they both hold true anywhere. Stamp the label "Green" on something and its value suddenly rises. List off a few vague reasons on how it's helpful to the environment and you can get people signing surveys by the dozen. Hell, even the uprisings in the Middle East were given names like "The Facebook Revolution", when a lot of analyists point out how little Facebook had to do with organizing the protests. Toying with quintessential human elements, like a desire to feel good while doing nothing or reciprocate a favour or prefer those more similar to you than dissimilar, can all be devastatingly potent tactics.
Arenamontanus Arenamontanus's picture
Re: Rape as a memetic assault
Axel the Chimeric wrote:
What I can offer is suggestions on how memetic warfare might work. Fact of the matter is, we see its effects today. Environmentalism, for example, and political divisions. The United States is a shining example of this but they both hold true anywhere. Stamp the label "Green" on something and its value suddenly rises. List off a few vague reasons on how it's helpful to the environment and you can get people signing surveys by the dozen.
This is largely marketing rather than memetics. People already know that 'green' is supposed to be good, so adding a green attribute to something makes it appear better. The past memetic struggle has been making environmentalist ideas so prevalent in people's minds that they tend to accept them as reality, and can easily be activated by convenient labels. The *real* memetic battle has of course between different concepts of environmentalism - a conservative preserve the land view, a scientific view of Earth systems, a romantic-reactionary back to nature critique of modernity, an apocalyptic view, mother earth mysticism, and so on. Not to mention how these ideas struggle with competitors, be they aseptic shining modernity, religion or cornucopian economics.
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Toying with quintessential human elements, like a desire to feel good while doing nothing or reciprocate a favour or prefer those more similar to you than dissimilar, can all be devastatingly potent tactics.
Yup. Memes are replicating ideas - something that gets transmitted from mind to mind. Most ideas stay in their originating minds or are transmitted in a garbled form. This is why I think the title of this thread is a bit misleading: rape is lousy for meme transmission, but sadly very effective for inducing certain ideas and states. But many other human drives are easily hijacked for meme transmission: sex sells, people do believe ideas are morally good when heard from their favoured pulpit, concepts that make you feel good or make others impressed by you are readily accepted. One interesting thing in EP might be posthumans that are so different that the current memetic strategies do not fit them. A great example, using a fairly simple implant, can be found in Greg Egan's TAP: http://www.infinityplus.co.uk/stories/tap.htm
Extropian
Axel the Chimeric Axel the Chimeric's picture
Re: Rape as a memetic assault
Arenamontanus wrote:
This is largely marketing rather than memetics.
Marketing is memetics, though, isn't it? Trying to ensure that when people think of one thing, they think of another; that they consider you to be better or your competitor worse or something worth doing. Marketing can be used to get women to feed their babies tainted milk formula over their own breast milk because they think it's better. If this wasn't an unintentional consequence, I'd consider that proof of concept for memetic warfare.
Arenamontanus wrote:
Yup. Memes are replicating ideas - something that gets transmitted from mind to mind. Most ideas stay in their originating minds or are transmitted in a garbled form. This is why I think the title of this thread is a bit misleading: rape is lousy for meme transmission, but sadly very effective for inducing certain ideas and states. But many other human drives are easily hijacked for meme transmission: sex sells, people do believe ideas are morally good when heard from their favoured pulpit, concepts that make you feel good or make others impressed by you are readily accepted.
Used car salesman are great examples of memetic workers. They see weaknesses and exploit it in an almost Holmesian manner. There's also the good example of the human need to reciprocate and the sunk-cost fallacy that both rear their heads with great frequency. Anyone who's seen the Hare Krishna at work or worked in a political campaigning group knows the power of these effects. Simple acts like giving away flowers (and refusing to accept them in return) gets a big response (after the Hare Krishna groups tried this tactic, their profits from donations went up 30% or so). Starting with small requests and working your way up ("Sign a petition? Sticker in your window? Sign on your front lawn? Make a donation?") gets people to do big things. Humans have been using memes most of us share to take things from each other for the longest time, in the forms of mercantilism and politics. If you want to find great examples of this, there's tons of sources.
Arenamontanus wrote:
One interesting thing in EP might be posthumans that are so different that the current memetic strategies do not fit them.
That's probably already an issue with AGIs. They don't have the evolutionary pit-falls of humanity (though they also lack much in the way of intuition). As has already been pointed out, an AGI wouldn't see rape any differently to assault.
root root's picture
Re: Rape as a memetic assault
root@Rape as a memetic assault [hr] Memes are ideas and symbols that spread across populations following rules of epidemics. The reason why any given meme spreads is a slightly different topic, and includes the particular psychological exploits such as the foot-in-the-door method, or the giving of small gifts such as flowers. These aren't the memes themselves, just the transmission pathway. The psychological explanation for why rape is so traumatic has partially to do with the way that memories are formed, and partially to do with how we react to events that violate our understanding of our own self-image. Memories formed during emotionally intense experiences, when cortisol and epinephrine levels are very high, can be exceptionally vivid and very difficult to remove. PTSD generally forms from these experiences when they are traumatic enough to overwhelm the victim's coping mechanisms and violate their sense of how the world works. Additionally, there victim suffers extreme cognitive dissonance, as their view of self as empowered is demonstrated to be false. Actions speak much more loudly than thoughts, so the victims thoughts on who they are fall into line with reality of what happened to them. The victims begin to believe that they must be worthless, or else they wouldn't have been raped, and their new beliefs form their new actions. This leads to a problem where many sexual abuse victims begin to take on a demeanor that signals to abusers that this person can be victimized, so many rape victims end up being raped repeatedly, further reinforcing the belief that they are worthless. As far as rape being used as a memetic attack, one of the traditions of warfare is to use mass rape as a tactic to demoralize your enemies. Gaddafi has done so as he continues to use the Geneva Conventions as a checklist of ways to wage war on his populace, and the tradition runs as far into history as we can find. I imagine that transhumanity will continue the tradition of finding the most optimized methods of committing atrocities on each other, and the use of rape as a memetic assault will continue in some form or another. I hate humanity.
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Lilith Lilith's picture
Re: Rape as a memetic assault
root wrote:
I hate humanity.
I share your sentiment, though I still think it's better than the alternatives.
Quincey Forder Quincey Forder's picture
Re: Rape as a memetic assault
Lilith wrote:
root wrote:
I hate humanity.
I share your sentiment, though I still think it's better than the alternatives.
I thoroughly agree with Root and Lilith here! I'm clearly a misanthrope, though that doesn't mean I can't be polite or be friends with individual. Isn't it revealing that my favorite fictive characters are generally against humanity? Demona from Gargoyles, Magneto from X-men, Agent Smith from Matrix, Matriarch Benezia T'soni from Mass Effect...
[center] Q U I N C E Y ^_*_^ F O R D E R [/center] Remember The Cant! [img]http://tinyurl.com/h8azy78[/img] [img]http://i249.photobucket.com/albums/gg205/tachistarfire/theeye_fanzine_us...
Lilith Lilith's picture
Re: Rape as a memetic assault
Mm... I have misanthropic tendencies, to be certain, but I don't consider myself [i]against[/i] humanity. If something [i]external[/i] threatened the existence of our species to any degree, I'd be well inclined to do whatever I could to preserve us--there's a reason why I have Firewall in my signature, after all--but beyond that, well... it's the right of any self-aware species to have self-determination, yes? If humanity ends up wiping [i]itself[/i] out, then that's on their own heads. I wouldn't deny some sadness on my part, but time heals all wounds, they say.
Quincey Forder Quincey Forder's picture
Re: Rape as a memetic assault
if i was living in the EP era, I would be either an informorph, sleeved in a synthmorph, or an exhuman.
[center] Q U I N C E Y ^_*_^ F O R D E R [/center] Remember The Cant! [img]http://tinyurl.com/h8azy78[/img] [img]http://i249.photobucket.com/albums/gg205/tachistarfire/theeye_fanzine_us...
root root's picture
Re: Rape as a memetic assault
root@Rape as a memetic assault [hr] You can hate humanity and still consider yourself to be a part of it. I might feel untethered inside of it at times, but I still think that removing the crushing weight of unmet needs from the majority of the populace would make everything quite a bit better for everyone. People may still have some psychological drive to take power from other people, but psychological drives are much easier to change if there isn't some inescapable situation keeping the subject past the edge of what is tolerable for life. I just don't see any good way for us to get there.
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Lilith Lilith's picture
Re: Rape as a memetic assault
I'm with root on this one. I may not agree with all the choices our species makes, but I will always gladly count myself a member of it. If the tech of EP were to ever become reality, rest assured that I would always be in a meatsack of some sort, God and Rep willing.
Unity Unity's picture
Re: Rape as a memetic assault
I agree with Forder on my preferred modes of existence, if I lived in the Eclipse Phase setting. Although preferably I would avoid exhuman designs that were too ... experimental.
The Doctor The Doctor's picture
Re: Rape as a memetic assault
Unity wrote:
I agree with Forder on my preferred modes of existence, if I lived in the Eclipse Phase setting. Although preferably I would avoid exhuman designs that were too ... experimental.
Sadly, Firewall would probably be coming for me, as I would try to become a seed AGI or crash trying. Though the *mumblespoiler* might have room for one more in their ranks...